Ghasem Aminikahrizsangi; Rezvan Hosseingalizadeh
Abstract
IntroductionThe main purpose of this study was to describe school leadership models in relation to contextual variables by school level (elementary and secondary), school principal gender (male and female), school context (rural and urban), principals' expertise and experience, based on Tony classification. ...
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IntroductionThe main purpose of this study was to describe school leadership models in relation to contextual variables by school level (elementary and secondary), school principal gender (male and female), school context (rural and urban), principals' expertise and experience, based on Tony classification. Bush is in the schools of Razaviyeh region of Mashhad. MethodTo achieve the research goal, descriptive-survey method was used. All elemantary and secondary school teachers, girls, boys and mixed schools in rural and urban areas of Razaviyeh Mashhad, formed the statistical population of the study, which included 1148 people. From this total, 212 teachers were selected as the study sample, considering the criterion of having at least one year of experience working with the current principal. A standard questionnaire was used to collect the required data. ResultsThe results of the research showed that, in general, from the perspective of school teachers in Razaviyeh region, the model of managerial leadership with the Secondaryest average is the dominant model of leadership; then the ethical leadership model, instructional leadership model, distributed leadership model and transformational leadership model were placed in the next ranks.DiscussionSurveying the leadership models in the studied schools by different variables indicates the dominance of the leadership model in urban and rural schools, especially Secondary schools, schools with female management and schools with inexperienced principals. And schools were more prominent with experienced principals. The main findings of this study, as a result of comparison with existing research evidence in the field of management and instructional leadership, from the predominant tendency of school principals to the model of managerial leadership with regard to the requirements of centralized education system and ethical leadership influenced by the prevailing ideology and religious values. Managers as one of the underlying factors affecting their leadership model.